Act as an expert Python developer. Write a complete, production-ready Python script that scrapes product information (title, price, availability, rating) from a paginated e-commerce website. The script should use requests and BeautifulSoup. It must include robust error handling, retry logic for failed requests using a backoff strategy, custom headers (User-Agent rotation), and strict rate-limiting (e.g., delay between requests) to avoid getting blocked. Please document the code thoroughly and explain how to run it.